Manganese that derives from human sources can also enter surface water, groundwater and sewage water. Humans enhance manganese concentrations in the air by industrial activities and through burning fossil fuels.

These usually settle to earth within a few days. Manganese particles in air are present in dust particles. Manganese compounds exist naturally in the environment as solids in the soils and small particles in the water. Manganese compounds are experimental equivocal tumorigenic agents. A high incidence of pneumonia and other upper respiratory infections has been found in workers exposed to dust or fume of Manganese compounds. Symptoms include languor, sleepiness, weakness, emotional disturbances, spastic gait, recurring leg cramps, and paralysis. The central nervous system is the chief site of damage from the disease, which may result in permanent disability. These are the following effects:Ĭhronic Manganese poisoning may result from prolonged inhalation of dust and fume. When men are exposed to manganese for a longer period of time they may become impotent.Ī syndrome that is caused by manganese has symptoms such as schizophrenia, dullness, weak muscles, headaches and insomnia.īecause manganese is an essential element for human health shortages of manganese can also cause health effects. Manganese can also cause Parkinson, lung embolism and bronchitis. Symptoms of manganese poisoning are hallucinations, forgetfulness and nerve damage. Manganese effects occur mainly in the respiratory tract and in the brains. After absorption in the human body manganese will be transported through the blood to the liver, the kidneys, the pancreas and the endocrine glands. The foodstuffs that contain the highest concentrations are grains and rice, soya beans, eggs, nuts, olive oil, green beans and oysters. The uptake of manganese by humans mainly takes place through food, such as spinach, tea and herbs. But when the uptake is too high health problems will also occur. When people do not live up to the recommended daily allowances their health will decrease. Manganese is one out of three toxic essential trace elements, which means that it is not only necessary for humans to survive, but it is also toxic when too high concentrations are present in a human body. Manganese is a very common compound that can be found everywhere on earth. Fish can have up to 5 ppm and mammals up to 3 ppm in their tissue, although normally they have around 1 ppm. Some organisms, such as diatoms, molluscs and sponges, accumulate manganese.

Manganese is an essential element for all species. The main mining areas for manganese ores are South Africa, Russia, Ukraine, Georgia, Gabon and Australia. More than 25 million tonnes are mined every year, representing 5 million tons of the metal, and reserves are estimated to exeed 3 billion tonnes of the metal. Manganese occurs principally as pyrolusite (MnO 2), and to a lesser extent as rhodochrosite (MnCO 3). Manganese is one of the most abundant metals in soils, where it occurs as oxides and hydroxides, and it cycles through its various oxidation states. Other compound that find application are Manganese oxide (MnO) and manganese carbonate (MnCO 3): the first goes into fertilizers and ceramics, the second is the starting material for making other manganese compounds. Potassium permanganate is a potent oxidizer and used as a disinfectant. Manganese is used to decolorize glass and make violet coloured glass. Manganese dioxide is also used as a catalyst. Manganese is a key component of low-cost stainless steel formulations and certain widely used alumimum alloys. At present steel making accounts 85% to 90% of the total demand, most of the total demand. Manganese is essential to iron and steel production. Manganese is reactive when pure, and as a powder it will burn in oxygen, it reacts with water (it rusts like iron) and dissolves in dilute acids. Manganese is a pinkinsh-gray, chemically active element. Manganese - Mn Chemical properties of manganese - Health effects of manganese - Environmental effects of manganese

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Mn element nonmetal